What is Asynchronous vs Synchronous Work?
The breadth of technology available in the workplace allows us to work in offices, homes, coffee shops, or waiting in line to check out. But the freedom that comes with technology isn’t just a longer tether it’s also freedom in terms of when we work. Two words have emerged in the workplace to define different ways of working: asynchronous and synchronous. Both have a place in the workplace regardless of your workplace model.
Asynchronous Work
Asynchronous work can be any type of work done on one’s own schedule. It happens independently of others on the team. This can mean communication (e.g. email, Slack, text, etc.) and even collaborative work (e.g. writing reports, creating presentations, even brainstorming). Tasks or communications are independent of time constraints.
Many of us have moments of asynchronous work throughout our day. It occurs in any type of workplace model, although most people associate it with fully remote workplaces. Embracing asynchronous work, especially on collaborative efforts, provides greater flexibility for staff. They can work on projects when (and potentially where) they choose. It allows for moments of deep work and focus because staff can work uninterrupted. During brainstorming and idea generation, asynchronous work may allow introverts and those who take more time to respond to participate—allowing for more ideas to surface.
Organizations that embrace asynchronous work at high levels (e.g. an asynchronous, fully remote organization) don’t pay attention to time zones because the organization relies on asynchronous communication to keep work moving forward. Work could theoretically go on around the clock if employees live in multiple time zones around the world. This may allow an organization to provide coverage for global membership.
Synchronous Work
Synchronous work happens in real time. These include team meetings, phone calls, video calls, whiteboard sessions, presentations, etc. It’s what you think of when you think of the “office.” However, synchronous work happens in remote, hybrid, and in-person.
Sometimes, synchronous communication may be more effective (e.g. a quick phone call instead of 5 emails to clarify a point). But synchronous work ties people to the same schedule regardless of location. The 11am ET team meeting will take place at 8am for west coast colleagues. Synchronous work requires people to be available at the same time, so it means less flexibility for staff. This can mean core working hours, living in specific geographic areas, or time zones.
Workplaces Need Asynchronous and Synchronous Work
The hallmark of asynchronous work is that it doesn’t rely on real-time response. Synchronous is the opposite, it depends on real-time response. The workplace should have a nice balance between each. Too much asynchronous work and staff can feel disconnected. Too much synchronous work and staff can feel drained and unproductive. Each team and workplace have its own rhythms. The key is to be more intentional with asynchronous and synchronous work during the workday and work week to match tasks, goals, objectives, and even personal rhythms. Creating this intentionality can improve your workplace flexibility without changing your model.